Project Management Papers

Mosaic's Published Papers

Stakeholder Management: Including -

Relationship Management

This book by Dr. Lynda Bourne defines the
'road map' needed to successfully navigate
the difficulties of managing stakeholder
communities. Read more......

Teams and Team Development

Personal Development and Competencies

Knowledge Management and Learning Organisations

7½ tips for managing internal stakeholders: engaging stakeholders for maximum effect - Author: Lynda Bourne
Every action and activity involves stakeholders (but they may be different every time) These tips help you to know who is important for your success and communicate effectively to achieve a successful engagement: information is the basis of communication and comes in various disguisese. [View Abstract]

A Simple View of ‘Complexity’ in Project Management - Author: Patrick Weaver
Complexity theory helps understand the social behaviours of teams and the networks of people involved in and around a project. This paper traces the development of ‘Complexity Theory’ from its origins in Chaos Theory and develops a range of practical suggestions for improving the effectiveness of both communication practice and risk management practice within project management practice based on insights derived from ‘complexity theory’. [View Abstract]

A Typology of Operational Approaches for Stakeholder Analysis and Engagement - Authors: Rebecca Yang, Geoffrey Shen, Lynda Bourne, Ho, C.M.F., Xue, X.
Findings from this study show that the success of a particular stakeholder management technique depends on internal and external factors, such as the nature of the project, the resources in the organisation, and the communication environment. Each approach has its strengths and limitations, so the best way to define a practical technique for effective stakeholder management is to use combinations of elements from each method as circumstances dictate. [View Abstract]

(The) Accidental Project Manager – The Getting of Wisdom - Author: Lynda Bourne
The accidental project manager has lived in the folklore of business projects for a generation. This paper will discuss ways to help them increase their chances of achieving project success, including a description of the project management skills and tools needed for success including the Stakeholder Circle™. [View Abstract]

Advancing Project Management in Learning Organisations - Authors: Lynda Bourne and Derek H.T. Walker
This paper describes the 'third dimension skills', beyond the traditional 'hard' and 'soft' skills, needed by project managers to successfully deliver projects in large organisations. The paper then considers how project managers might achieve competence in managing the 'third dimension' both through individual effort and with the support of a learning organization. [View Abstract]

Advising Upwards – Helping your Managers help you - Author: Lynda Bourne
Advising upwards is a difficult skill for project and program managers to acquire. This paper uses modern stakeholder management theory as the basis for approaches designed to help successfully deliver projects within traditional organisations by appreciating the communication needs of senior executives and incorporating mutuality within the key supportive relationships. [View Abstract]

Beyond Conventional Stakeholder Management - Author: Moorhouse Consulting Ltd. (UK)
Lack of effective engagement with stakeholders is a well acknowledged cause of programme failure and stakeholder management is increasingly, as such, recognised as an important discipline. There are many tools and techniques already available (including the Stakeholder Circle) but to be effective, they need to be supported by the right attitudes. This paper describes PRIME Intelligence^© and discusses how to enthuse a successful attitude across a programme team. [View Abstract]

Beyond Reporting - The Communication Strategy - Author: Lynda Bourne.
Communication is a science and an art. Communicating effectively with the project’s important stakeholders, so that their expectations can be both managed and met, is central to achieving a successful outcome. Reports are not enough! Communication is a complex two way process within the overall relationship between the project and the stakeholder. This paper identifies the key processes involved in developing and implementing an effective communication strategy. [View Abstract]

Communications Control? - Author: Lynda Bourne.
Information supports the decision makers, informs people and organisations of the work required to be done, monitors progress, and provides support and assurance at all levels of the organisation of progress or of the need for intervention. This paper explores how communication in the form of information exchange controls and assists the work of organisations to deliver value to all stakeholders. [View Abstract]

Construction Stakeholder Management (Book) - Authors: Editor: Chinyio E. - Lynda Bourne & Patrick Weaver (Ch.7).
This book breaks new ground by focusing on the stakeholder's involvement in creating successful construction projects by capturing leading edge practice in construction stakeholder management to provide construction practitioners with a reliable guide to best practice - Publication due 2009..
Pre-publication pre-views [ Download Introduction ] [ Download Ch. 7 Stakeholders and the Supply Chain ]

Designing a PMO to Succeed and Survive - Author: Lynda Bourne.
To survive, a PMO requires executive sponsorship, management buy-in and a clear mandate (authority and autonomy).To be successful, the PMO should contribute to the strategic alignment of projects and programs, benefits realisation, leadership in implementation of best practices, continuous improvement, and being an information highway, facilitating open and targeted communications. Achieving this requires a clear understanding of the PMO's stakeholders and the organisation's objectives. [View Abstract]

Developing Stakeholder Management Maturity in a traditional business: an International Case Study - Authors: Lynda Bourne and Klaus Rud Sejling.
This paper reports on the work undertaken by a traditional multinational transport company to introduce effective stakeholder management into its terminal operations around the world as a factor that could deliver significant commercial advantage in the operation of the business. The case study describes the project to introduce and support a significant culture change in a major organisation and reports on the successful adaptation of a project management methodology, the Stakeholder Circle®, to general business use. [View Abstract]

(The) Forgotten Stakeholders - Forming Teams in an Outsourced Environment - Author: Lynda Bourne.
Forming multi-vendor, multi-skill teams and leading them to successfully deliver an Outsourced IT solution requires a paradigm shift in the team building processes adopted by the Project Manager. [View Abstract]

From Commander to Sponsor: Managing Upwards in the Project Environment - Author: Lynda Bourne.
This paper provides a foundation for exploration of the tasks needed to turn a senior manager 'Commander' into a supportive Sponsor and how to use the resources available in the form of influence networks, targeted communication and plain persistence. Case studies based on experiences of the authors, in large organisations, in managing the expectations and the support of key senior stakeholders are used to ground the paper. [View Abstract]

(The) future of the PM Hero - Author: Lynda Bourne.
The PM’s role is changing from a hero focused on the ‘iron triangle’ to a business leader. Project success is no longer being measured simply in terms of time and cost, but by value created and stakeholder satisfaction. This paper outlines the skills needed to succeed in this emerging environment. [View Abstract]

Getting the 'soft stuff' right - Effective communication is the key to successful project outcomes! - Author: Patrick Weaver.
Effective communication with senior management is an on-going collegiate effort by all project practitioners within the organisation helped by the presence of an effective PMO. The basis for these communications is the provision of accurate information in a timely manner. This paper discusses techniques to determine the right stakeholders to focus communication effort on at each stage of a project, influence mapping, strategies for communicating effectively and the importance of managing and communicating risk and uncertainty. [View Abstract]

Influence, Stakeholder Mapping and Visualisation - Authors: Derek Walker, Arthur Shelley and Lynda Bourne.
Stakeholder identification, management and engagement are recognised as key project management skills that requires both intuition and a strong capacity for analysis. Visualisation tools for stakeholder management can be of great value. The development and use of two such tools are described. While they are both independently useful they could be effectively combined. [View Abstract]

Introducing a Stakeholder Management Methodology into the EU - Authors: Lynda Bourne and Stephan Kasperczyk.
This paper analyses the impact of cultural differences on the implementation of a new methodology within diverse organisations. Based on a series of case studies from within the EU and elsewhere, key indicators that can be generally applied to assist in the implementation of process change within organisations are identified. [View Abstract]

(The) Knowledge Management / Relationship Cycle - Author: Lynda Bourne.
The Knowledge Management Relationship Cycle describes reciprocity between the data, information and knowledge that is exchanged for the business benefit of the organisation between the project and its stakeholders. It charts the strong connections between the organisation’s KM and the actions of the project Stakeholders in contributing to project success. [View Abstract]

Mega Projects, Mega Problems - The critical need for effective stakeholder management - Author: Patrick Weaver
Effective stakeholder management is mandatory for mega-project success in all advanced economies and in most emerging economies. Effective stakeholder management encompasses the project team, the project supply chain and external to the project politicians, ‘the public’ and the media as well as people directly or indirectly impacted by the work or its outcomes. Tools developed to assist in this process will be discussed within the framework of managing mega construction projects to optimise the stakeholder relationships in and around the project and minimise risk exposures. [View Abstract]

Motivate your Manager! - Author: Lynda Bourne
This presentation focuses on a range of communication tools and methodologies project and program managers can deploy to motivate their managers to help them succeed. In most cases, a successful outcome is directly beneficial to the manager; the challenge is making the right connections.. [View Abstract]

Optimising the Value of Portfolios through Governance - Author: Patrick Weaver.
Effective portfolio governance ensures that an organisation selects the right projects to do based on its strategic objectives and then does the selected projects right by deploying effective project, program and portfolio management processes. Within this framework, the organisation's stakeholders determine the appropriate balance of:
Risk -v- Reward; Short term -v- Long term and Enhancement -v- New Business. Consequently, the key stakeholders need to be identified and managed as part of the portfolio management processes needed for effective governance. [View Abstract]

Project Relationship Management and the Stakeholder Circle - Author: Lynda Bourne.
A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Project Management (DPM). Dr Lynda Bourne investigated the concept that a project’s success or failure is closely aligned with perceptions of the project held by its key stakeholders; and that project teams can manage these perceptions to create success. The research resulted in a new tool, the ‘Stakeholder Circle™’ that maps each stakeholder community in a unique way, allowing the project team to effectively focus its stakeholder engagement strategies. [View Abstract]

(The) Project Start-Up Conundrum - Author: Lynda Bourne and Patrick Weaver.
A review of the almost mutually exclusive requirements facing every project of starting as quickly as possible to avoid schedule slippage whilst taking the time needed to develop an effective team!! [View Abstract]

Risk Management and Complexity Theory - The Human Dimension of Risk - Author: Patrick Weaver.
This paper describes the key aspects of risk management from 'complexity theory' and the human perspective. Particular focus is on the risk attitudes and competencies required at each level of management to optimise risk. The paper concludes by developing a range of practical suggestions for improving the effectiveness of risk management practice within projects based on an understanding of ‘complexity theory’ applied to the project environment. [View Abstract]

Seeing who's there - A Brief History of Stakeholder Mapping & Visualisation - Author: Patrick Weaver.
This paper focuses on describing the evolution of the concept of stakeholders from the 1970s through to the present day and the closely allied visualisation tools used at different times to see ‘who they are’. From this basis a current definition of stakeholders is determined and the merits of a range of current stakeholder managment tools briefly described. The paper demonstrates that understanding ‘who’s there’ and more importantly ‘who matters’ is highly dependent on the tools and definitions used. [View Abstract]

SRMM: The five stages of Stakeholder Relationship Management Maturity - Author: Lynda Bourne
Engaging effectively and ethically with key stakeholders to help create a successful project outcome requires significant levels of skill and maturity. This paper will define the five levels of SRMM and suggest a route most organisations can follow to progress from ‘Level 1’ to ‘Level 5’. The 5 levels of SRMM are: Ad hoc, Procedural, Relational, Integrated and Predictive. [View Abstract]

Stakeholder Engagement is ‘free’! The Zero Cost of Stakeholder Relationship Management - Author: Lynda Bourne
The concept discussed in this paper is based on the philosophy of the Quality movement that quality is free – investment in stakeholders is balanced by reduction in ‘failure dollars’ of fixing the issues caused by poor stakeholder relationship management. The PMO is ideally placed to champion and facilitate this approach and provide not only support services to achieve this, but also assist in measuring ‘failure dollars’ through its reporting mechanisms. [View Abstract]

Stakeholder Relationship Management in the Supply Chain - Author: Lynda Bourne
Effective procurement leadership requires the skills and knowledge to engage effectively with a wide range of stakeholders. This paper outlines the critical role stakeholders play in the operation of an effective supply chain and suggests a range of techniques supply chain professionals can apply to enhance their organisation’s stakeholder relationship management capabilities. [View Abstract]

Tapping the Powerlines - Author: Lynda Bourne.
Successful completion of project deliverables in large, complex organisations needs more than the combination of ‘hard’ and 'soft’ skills. Unless the Project Manager can also effectively 'tap' into the organisations power structures, the outcome of the project will always be at risk. [View Abstract]

Trust: a tale of two constructions - Author: Lynda Bourne.
Building and maintaining effective relationships is not easy. It requires both parties to recognise that there will be differing expectations and definitions of success and requires work to develop the necessary trust through understanding the expectations of important stakeholders. Wembley Stadium illustrates how a lack of trust and ‘hard dollar’ contracts impacted relationships between the delivery partners; whereas Heathrow Terminal 5 proves the benefits derived from working to develop trust are well worth the effort. [View Abstract]

What Does A Project Manager Need to Deliver Successful Projects? - Author: Lynda Bourne.
Relationship management and Stakeholder management linked with knowledge and experience of the organisation are key ingredients for delivering projects successfully in large and complex organisations. This paper defines the Art, Craft of Project Management plus the "Third dimension" skills needed by successful project managers. [View Abstract]

Why is stakeholder management so difficult? - Author: Lynda Bourne.
The focus of this paper is the construction and operation of Heathrow Terminal 5 for British Airways. Through tracing its development from a successful construction project to its disastrous opening in 2008 a methodology to assist organisations in effective engagement of a project’s important stakeholders is described and lessons that will benefit all projects are identified. [View Abstract]

(Thesis) Project Relationship Management and the Stakeholder Circle - Author: Lynda Bourne
A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Project Management (DPM). Dr Lynda Bourne investigated the concept that a project’s success or failure is closely aligned with perceptions of the project held by its key stakeholders; and that project teams can manage these perceptions to create success. The research resulted in a new tool, the ‘Stakeholder Circle™’ that maps each stakeholder community in a unique way, allowing the project team to effectively focus its stakeholder engagement strategies. [View Abstract]

Rethinking Construction – Stakeholder Management in the Construction Industry - Author: Dr. Lynda Bourne
Many technically competent builders are failing to maximise their value by focusing on technology. The relationship aware builder is trusted and relied on by both project teams and senior management. This paper outlines a number of techniques that can be used to identify stakeholders and understand their requirements. [View Abstract]

(The) Stakeholder Circle - Tool Description - Authors: Lynda Bourne and Patrick Weaver.
The Stakeholder Circle™ offers a mechanism for assessing the relative importance of each of the key stakeholders in a project. Stakeholders are weighted according to the three characteristics and the assessments are melded into a single diagram. [View Abstract]

Supersizing PMO Performance - Author: Lynda Bourne.
The value of a PMO to its host organisation is directly linked to its ability to communicate effectively with both senior management and project teams, in appropriate language, to facilitate access to the information it needs and to have its reports and messages understood and acted upon. By understanding its stakeholders and customising its communication strategy to meet their different requirements, the PMO becomes a significantly more valuable resource. [View Abstract]

Visualising and Mapping Stakeholder Influence - Authors: Lynda Bourne and Derek H.T. Walker.
This paper describes research that was conducted during 2004/2005 centred around the Stakeholder Circle™ tool, as a means to provide a useful and effective way to visualise stakeholder power and influence that may have pivotal impact on a project’s success or failure. [ View Abstract ]

Visualising Stakeholder Influence - Two Australian Examples - Authors: Lynda Bourne and Derek H.T. Walker.
This paper illustrates the use of the Stakeholder Circle™ as a tool for measuring and visualising stakeholder influence drawing upon two case study examples. The paper is exploratory in nature and the case studies used provide a useful vehicle for reflection and sense making. The tool was found by the case study respondents to be useful and that it also complements and enhances risk management. [ View Abstract ]

Visualising and Mapping Stakeholder Influence - Authors: Lynda Bourne and Derek H.T. Walker.
This paper describes research that was conducted during 2004/2005 centred around the Stakeholder Circle tool, as a means to provide a useful and effective way to visualise stakeholder power and influence that may have pivotal impact on a project’s success or failure. [ View Abstract ]

Effective Project Governance – A Cultural Sea Change - Author: Patrick Weaver.
This paper addresses the changing legal and regulatory framework faced by corporations world-wide and its impact on project governance systems. The paper suggests all organisations, world wide will eventually need to respond to the changes being imposed by SOX, CLERP9 and other legislative changes. [View Abstract]

Key Security of Payment Act Judgements - Author: Jim Doyle Dip.CE, MIE (Aust), BEc (Hons), LLB (Hons). Partner, Doyles Construction Lawyers.
Some of the key judgements defining the Security of Payment Acts and their primary effect are listed in this paper. [View Abstract]

OPM3

A Maturity Model That's Right and Ready - OPM3 Past, Present and Future - Author: Lynda Bourne
This paper explores three inter-linked areas. The major elements of the OPM3: knowledge, assessment and improvement. The main aspects of the OPM3 business model: assessment, consulting, training and benchmarking. The enhanced functionality provided by the OPM3 ProductSuite (supported by certified assessors and consultants) in; assessing an organisations maturity, planning a path to improvement and measuring the effectiveness of the improvements. [View Abstract]

Modelling Your Maturity, P3M3, CMMI and/or OPM3 - Authors: Lynda Bourne and Angela Tuffley
Successful organisations apply project management processes effectively and consistently. Three well defined ‘maturity models’ are internationally available, which is the most appropriate to use: P3M3 from OGC in the UK, CMMI or PMI's OPM3? This paper will compare and contrast the three standards and identify their strengths and weaknesses. [View Abstract]

OPM3 and the OPM3 ProductSuite - Author: Lynda Bourne
This paper explores three inter-linked areas. The major elements of the OPM3: knowledge, assessment and improvement. The main aspects of the OPM3 business model: assessment, consulting, training and benchmarking. The enhanced functionality provided by the OPM3 ProductSuite (supported by certified assessors and consultants) in; assessing an organisations maturity, planning a path to improvement and measuring the effectiveness of the improvements. [View Abstract]

Free publications from PMI include:-

Executive's Guide to OPM3 (six pages) [Download PDF]
OPM3 Highlights (one page) [Download PDF]
Read PMI's White Paper on the development of OPM3 Presented at the PMI North American Congress in 2003 [View Abstract]
Case studies
- OPM3 - Pinellas County IT Turns Around Performance and Customer confidence [Download PDF]
- OPM3 ProductSuite - Savannah River Site [Download PDF]

Go to OPM3 - Project Management Institute's Organizational Project Management Maturity Model 'Tools and Techniques' Page.

View Mosaic's OPM3 Training, Workshop & Mentoring Options

Project / Program / Portfolio Management Office: Including -
	Project Initiation
	Project Controls
	Establishing a PMO

KPMG surveys analysing the benefits of mature Project Offices are available for download. These papers are copyright KPMG

PriceWaterhouseCooper's surveys are also available for download. These papers are copyright PriceWaterhouseCooper.

Boosting Business Performance Through Program and Project Management: Download the PwC 2004 Survey
Insights and Trends: Current Programme and Project Management Practices: Download the PwC 2007 Survey

Avoiding the Successful Failure - Author: Lynda Bourne
Projects can be ‘on time and budget’ and fail! They can also be ‘over’ and succeed. Projects are only successful when their stakeholder’s expectations are delivered. This paper will identify the three elements of ‘stakeholder expectations’: value, relationships and risk. Then describe tools to manage these elements for success. [View Abstract]

Effective Project Governance – Aligning GoPM Principles to PMI’s Standards - Author: Patrick Weaver.
This paper addresses two areas; the first is mapping the processes in PMI’s Project, Program and Portfolio Management Standards to show how they answer the 42 questions to achieve the 11 principles defined in ‘Directing change, a guide to governance of project management’. The second is suggesting appropriate structures and outputs from project management and PMO systems that provide conforming, and informative answers. [View Abstract]

Effective Project Governance – The Tools for Success - Author: Patrick Weaver.
This paper discusses the tools needed for effective governance (and hopefully enhanced performance) include a mature PMO, an effective EPM system and a philosophy that combines the willingness to ‘do things’ - take risks - with the discipline needed for effective governance. [View Abstract]

Establishing an Effective Project Office – The Core Requirements for Success - Author: Andrew Brook
The implementation of a PO is a long–term project in itself. This paper outlines the stages, processes and supporting systems architecture required to create and support a successful Project Office. [View Abstract]

Managing for Success - The power of regular updates - Author: Patrick Weaver
Critical path scheduling techniques, supported by efficient scheduling software have long been recognised as a standard component in the overall project management process. This paper looks at the interaction between the analytical and psychological processes involved in schedule development and control systems to identify ways to deliver major enhancements in the planning / scheduling processes. [View Abstract]

The Paradox of Project Control in a Matrix Organisation - Author: Lynda Bourne.
The ‘zone’ between the strategic vision set by senior management and the projects created to fulfil it, is a highly complex and dynamic organism. A paradigm shift in management thinking is needed to succeed in managing projects across the ‘zone’. [View Abstract]

The Project Start-Up Conundrum - Authors: Lynda Bourne and Patrick Weaver.
A review of the almost mutually exclusive requirements facing every project of starting as quickly as possible to avoid schedule slippage whilst taking the time needed to develop an effective team!! [View Abstract]

Communications Management

A Simple View of ‘Complexity’ in Project Management - Author: Patrick Weaver
Complexity theory helps understand the social behaviours of teams and the networks of people involved in and around a project. This paper traces the development of ‘Complexity Theory’ from its origins in Chaos Theory and develops a range of practical suggestions for improving the effectiveness of both communication practice and risk management practice within project management practice based on insights derived from ‘complexity theory’. [View Abstract]

Achieving a Successful Engagement - Author: Lynda Bourne
Identifying, mapping and prioritising a project’s stakeholder community is only the beginning. Projects will only be considered successful when their key stakeholders acknowledge they are a success. This requires the project team to effectively engage with each of its key stakeholders to understand and manage their expectations and then deliver to project to meet or exceed the ‘managed expectations’. Stakeholder expectations are never ‘fixed’; effective communication can help change perceptions and expectations to make them realistic and achievable. [View Abstract]

Communication in organisations: making the schedule effective - Author: Lynda Bourne.
There is no point working hard to develop a schedule that is not used! Once the schedule has been created or updated, it is its role as a communication medium that can have the most powerful influence on the successful delivery of a project and the skills outlined in this presentation become critical to realising the value embedded in the scheduling tool. [View Abstract]

Complexity Theory

(The) Meaning of Risk in an Uncertain World - Author: Patrick Weaver
Risk management is one of the least appreciated aspects of modern management with most organisations are excessively risk averse. This paper describes the key aspects of risk management needed from the client, the contracting organisation and the project to optimise overall risk management and places risk management within a 'Complexity Theory' and stakeholder management framework. [View Abstract]

(The) Paradox of Project Control in a Matrix Organisation - Author: Lynda Bourne.
The ‘zone’ between the strategic vision set by senior management and the projects created to fulfil it, is a highly complex and dynamic organism. A paradigm shift in management thinking is needed to succeed in managing projects across the ‘zone’. [View Abstract]

Project Controls in the C21 – What works / What’s fiction - Author: Patrick Weaver.
This paper takes a controversial look at the relevance of project control systems and suggests the changes in skills, attitudes and practices needed to keep scheduling, cost control and EV relevant in the coming years. [View Abstract]

Scheduling in the Age of Complexity - Author: Patrick Weaver.
This paper suggests that a radically different approach is needed to make scheduling relevant and useful in the 21st Century. Starting with the ideas derived from Complexity Theory, Complex Responsive Processes of Relating (CRPR) and the concept of the project team as a ‘Temporary Knowledge Organization (TKO) one can see the delivery of the project being crafted by thousands of individual decisions and actions taken by people who are ‘actors’ within the social network of the project team and its immediate surrounds. The role of ‘project management’ is to motivate, coordinate and lead the team towards the common objective of a successful project outcome. The project scheduler has a key role in this complex environment provided the right attitudes, skills and scheduling techniques are used in the optimum way. [View Abstract]

Earned Value and Performance Management

Earned Value Basics - Author: Patrick Weaver.
Earned Value Management (EVM) has proven itself to be one of the most effective performance measurement and feedback tools for managing projects. It provides organizations with the methodology needed to integrate the management of project scope, schedule, and cost. [View Abstract]

Earned Value Business Management - Author: Patrick Weaver.
Using Earned Value techniques as a tool to manage outsourced contracts focusing on the early visibility of trends. Includes an analysis of 'the mathematics of losing' plus ideas on the use of trend graphs and regular reporting of progress. [View Abstract]

[ Useful Links to EV URLs ]

Enterprise Project Management

Risk & Risk Management

Construction - A Risky Business - Authors: Patrick Weaver & Richard Hyde.
The Australian construction industry is suffering from low and declining profits, this paper identifies some of the factors causing the decline and suggests ways to better align risk and reward by utilising modern forms of contract such as 'Collaborative Working Agreements'. [View Abstract]

Pertmaster - Project risk software to analyses project risk in time and/or money.

Project Risk Analysis & Management (PRAM) Guide - The Association for Project Management's updated project risk guide; download from: http://www.apm.co.uk/

Risk Attitudes in the Construction Industry - Avoidance Does Not Work - Author: Patrick Weaver.
Risk management is one of the least appreciated aspects of modern construction management with most client organisations are excessively risk averse. This paper describes the key aspects of risk management needed from the client, the contracting organisation and the project to optimise overall risk management. [View Abstract]

[ Mosaic's Risk Home Page ] [ Useful Links to Risk URLs ] [ Risk Management Tools ]

Scheduling & 5-STEPS

5-STEPS, Five Steps To Ensure Project Success - Authors: Patrick Weaver and Brian Doyle.
The ‘5 Steps To Ensure Project Success’ methodology is a proven process designed to focus the thinking of the key Stakeholders onto the parameters required to achieve a successful project outcome. [View Abstract]

A Brief History of Scheduling - Back to the Future - Author: Patrick Weaver
A Brief History of the first 50 years of 'Critical Path' Scheduling; and arguably the evolution of modern project management. The suggestion is that the growth of modern project management is a direct consequence of the need to make effective use of the data generated by the schedulers in an attempt to manage the 'project' and control the 'critical path'. [View Abstract]

Avoiding the 'Tipping Point to Failure' - Author: Patrick Weaver.
A performing organisation can manage a level of complexity in its projects based on prior experience, maturity, supporting systems and the capability of the people managing the work. As long as this ‘complexity quotient’ is within the management capability of the organisation and the people it deploys, reasonably predictable outcomes can be expected and normal risk management practices are likely to be effective. Change any of these parameters to the point where the overall tipping point is reached and there is a sudden breakdown that causes a significant negative change in the likely project outcomes. Recovery is no longer a simple process of marginally increasing the resources deployed, what’s needed is a massive change in the capability of resources. Whilst it is impossible to predict where a tipping point may occur until after it has been reached, effective project control systems can provide early warnings. [View Abstract]

Calculating and Using Float - Author: Patrick Weaver.
This paper argues that the lack of defined calculations for most of the float values in a PDM schedule must reduce the overall value of the schedule model compared to more rigorous approaches but also recognises that if scheduling is a modelling process designed to affect the future behaviours of people working on the project other factors may be more important. [View Abstract]

CIOB’s Contribution to the Effective Management of Time in Construction Projects - Author: Patrick Weaver
This paper outlines the major advances in the practice of project planning and scheduling introduced by the Guide to Good Practice in the Management of Time in Complex Projects (see more on The Guide) and gives an up-to-date report on current developments in the effective management of time being led by CIOB. [View Abstract]

Concurrent Delays in contracts - Author: Jim Doyle.
Concurrent delays are one of the most troubled and complicated areas of construction contract management. The aim of this paper is twofold. The first is to identify the variety of principles that may be followed in resolving parallel delays disputes. The second is to outline the various practical aspects relating to dealing with concurrent delays disputes. [View Abstract]

(The) Cost of Time - or who's duration is it anyway? - Author: Patrick Weaver
Probably the most common action undertaken by schedulers everywhere is assigning a duration to a task. This paper outlines the factors influencing the choice of an optimum duration. Considers the factors that can cause the duration to be modified during the planning phase and then outlines some of the likely costs associated with accelerating the project. [View Abstract]

(The) Effective Management of Time in Complex Projects - An ICT perspective - Author: Patrick Weaver.
The IT industry’s inability to effectively manage time has been widely documented, other industries fare no better! In response to this challenge, the CIOB assembled an international team of project planning and scheduling experts to develop a Guide to Good Practice in the Management of Time in Complex Projects (the Guide). This paper will identify the key elements within the Guide that proactively contribute to the successful delivery of complex projects and offer a way forward to improve time management. [View Abstract]

(The) Effective Management of Time in the 21st century - Author: Patrick Weaver.
This paper overviews a range of ideas to assist in the effective management of time including:
    * The need for effective planning ahead of scheduling and the different objective of these two processes.
    * The concept of ‘schedule density’ and the need to schedule at an appropriate level of detail based on the contemporary knowledge available to the project team.
    * The need for on-going dynamic scheduling to manage time.
    * The need to contemporaneously assess the impact of delaying events in real time based on accurate and current schedules to allow effective mitigation.
    * The need for effective training and credentialling of planners and schedulers. [View Abstract]

(The) Effective Management of Time on Mega Projects - Why there are so many problems and how to solve them? - Author: Patrick Weaver.
The construction industry’s ability to effectively manage time is getting worse. In response to this challenge, the CIOB assembled an international team of project planning and scheduling experts to develop a Guide to Good Practice in the Management of Time in Complex Projects (the Guide). This paper will identify the key elements within the Guide that proactively contribute to the successful delivery of mega projects, relate these ideas to practical examples of their use on mega-projects and offer a way forward to improve time management. [View Abstract]

Estimating Fallacies - excessive detail does not help - Author: Patrick Weaver.
Estimating costs and durations can be done in great detail, however, detailed is not synonymous with accurate! This paper sets out a pragmatic framework for estimating that offers realistic levels of accuracy to generate sensible expectations for a reasonable investment of estimating effort. [View Abstract]

Float - Is It Real? - Author: Patrick Weaver.
The existence of a ‘critical path’ and non-critical activities (with their associated ‘float’) grew out of the science of ‘scheduling’ as defined by Critical Path Analysis (CPA) and are barely 50 years old! This paper analyses the factors creating the ‘critical path’ and ‘float’ within a schedule and then look at ways of resolving the conflicting views of float encountered in the literature. Potential solutions include the UK ‘Delay and Disruption Protocol’, client led integrated teams and the use of alternative planning methods such as location based scheduling, trend analysis and earned schedule. [View Abstract]

Henry L. Gantt - A Retrospective view of his work - Author: Patrick Weaver.
This paper describes the important contributions made by Henry Gantt to modern management and defines what a 'Gantt Chart' really is. What the modern workd calls a 'Gantt Charts' pre-dates Gantt by more than a century. [View Abstract]

Improving Schedule Management - Author: Patrick Weaver.
This paper describes the changing role of scheduling within the complex dynamic environment of modern projects and programs. PMI’s contributions including the SEI, standards and credentials are identified. The attributes needed for an effective schedule and the skills needed by an effective scheduler are described and linked to the emerging paradigms of complexity theory. [View Abstract]

Project management vs Project scheduling - Author: Patrick Weaver.
This presentation focuses on the differences between successful schedulers and successful project managers and how together they can create successful project outcomes. [View Abstract]

Resource optimisation - a new paradigm for project scheduling - Author: Patrick Weaver.
A resource optimisation approach would involve changing the underlying philosophical approach embedded in CPM from a belief that the pre-determined duration and sequencing of activities takes precedence, to one that recognises the real objective of scheduling is to keep the resources working effectively. This paper looks at two alternative approaches to achiving this objective. [View Abstract]

Scheduling in a Defence Environment - Author: Patrick Weaver.
The primary purpose of any schedule should be to help the project manager and project team optimise the overall strategy for the delivery of the project, coordinate workflows and assist in the decision making processes needed to resolve dilemmas and issues on a day-to-day basis. This paper identifies some of the symptoms of scheduling failure and then addresses three topics; a discussion of the real purpose and usefulness of scheduling. the current ‘state of play’ in the development of scheduling and some emerging trends that may re-focus scheduling. [View Abstract]

Seeing the Road Ahead - the challenge of communicating schedule data - Author: Patrick Weaver.
The successful delivery of projects requires a broad understanding of what is required to be achieved, by whom and when. However, one of the key challenges facing schedulers has been to convert the rich data contained in their schedules into useful information that the project team can actually use. This paper outlines the evolution of the graphical presentation of time related data from 1765 through to the current time. [View Abstract]

Should your schedulers be certified? - Author: Patrick Weaver.
This paper focuses on initiatives to revitalise our industry by creating a career path for planners and schedulers as well as clearly identifying the benefits of certification for organisations that employ planners and schedulers. New initiatives by the CIOB and Planning Planet are designed to deliver a career framework for professional ‘Time Managers’, taking people from novice, to a practitioner skilled in the art of planning and scheduling. [View Abstract]

Standardising Quality in Project Scheduling - Author: Patrick Weaver.
The publication by PMI of its ‘Practice Standard for Scheduling’ in May 2007 goes a long way towards defining ‘good scheduling practice’ and providing a tool that for the first time allows the unambiguous assessment of the technical competence of any schedule. This paper looks at the emerging standards for scheduling and the credentialing of schedulers to deliver a quality service to project teams. [View Abstract]

Time management -v- Contract administration - Author: Patrick Weaver.
This paper defines the standards by which project schedules should be prepared, quality controlled, updated, reviewed and revised in practice to effectively manage time. And then describes the standards of performance which should reasonably be required of a project scheduler. [View Abstract]

Why Critical Path Scheduling (CPM) is Wildly Optimistic - Author: Patrick Weaver.
CPM tends towards an optimistic representation of the project’s completion date. Used appropriately, this can be a performance motivator. However, prudent management also requires an accurate prediction of the completion date. This paper will describe how both processes can be used in combination for the effective management of time. [ View Abstract ]

[ Useful Links to Planning & Scheduling URLs ] - [ Visit Mosaic's Planning Resources Page ]

General Papers

Building an International Micro Business in the 21st Century - Author: Lynda Bourne.
This paper discusses the challenges and lessons learned launching the Stakeholder Circle™ methodology and software tool onto the world stage and establishing Stakeholder Management Pty Ltd as a successful operating entity. The Stakeholder Circle™ was developed by Lynda as part of her research for her Doctor of Project Management (awarded in 2005). The lessons learned by Lynda in building Stakeholder Management Pty Ltd will be of interest to any aspiring project management entrepreneur running or planning to start a professional consultancy business. [View Abstract]

(The) Origins of Modern Project Management - Author: Patrick Weaver
Projects have been undertaken for millennia, but it was only in the latter part of the 20th century people started to talk about ‘project management’. This paper traces the origins of 'modern project management' and suggests that: the spread of scheduling was the genesis of ‘modern project management’ . [View Abstract]

Procurement Systems a Project Management Perspective (Book) - Authors: Derek H.T. Walker et al and Lynda Bourne.
This book is primarily focussed upon how project leaders can make and influence procurement decisions so as to realise a project that truly delivers value to project stakeholders for project and organisational success. Particular attention is paid to the nature of ‘value’ in this process.

(The) Stakeholder Circle - Tool Description - Authors: Lynda Bourne and Patrick Weaver.
The Stakeholder Circle offers a mechanism for assessing the relative importance of each of the key stakeholders in a project. Stakeholders are weighted according to the three characteristics and the assessments are melded into a single diagram. [View Abstract]

Supercharge your project performance - Author: Lynda Bourne.
The ever increasing demand for more project managers is creating divergent pressures and opportunities for the project management profession. This paper will explore the phenomenon of the accidental project manager and describe the project management skills needed for success. It will then outline ways organisations and the Project Management profession can support project managers and help them achieve recognised qualifications. [View Abstract]

Trends in Modern Project Management - Past Present & Future - Author: Patrick Weaver.
In its 50th year (2007), the profession of ‘modern project management’ is facing many challenges and opportunities. We are fast entering the ere of stakeholder centric project management in the full glare of corporate governance. The boundaries of our technology are merging into a range of other disciplines including communications, general management and corporate governance and arguably everything (or nothing) could be a project. This paper reviews the roots of project management, briefly looks at the evolution of the discipline into a profession and then attempt to predict where success for us as project management practitioners will lay in the future. [View Abstract]

(The) VIPER Experience - Author: Patrick Weaver.
Analyses the evolution of VIPER as an aircraft maintenance management system over 10 years. The paper focuses on the use of Earned Value data and other project information as an agent of change and the benefits of automated and integrated management systems. [View Abstract]

Home - Contact Us - Site Map - Company - Training - Consulting - Resources - Legals

Tel: (03) 9696 8684
.Intl: +613 9696 8684

Stakeholder Management Stakeholder Circle Relationship Management Teams and Team Development Personal development and Competencies Knowledge Management and Learning Organisations	This section incorporates papers on all aspects of stakeholder management (both internal and external), including the Stakeholder Circle™ and the management of projects in outsourced and matrix organisations.
Corporate & Project Governance Corporate Governance (SOX & Regulatory) and Project Governance Definitions of a project Legal and Contractual aspects of Project Management and Corporate Governance including Doyles Casewatch reports Risk and Risk Management	The Corporate and Project Governance section includes papers dealing with the overall governance and management of projects within an organisation and the organisation's obligations to shareholders, owners and society (including legal obligations). Papers dealing with the law, contract claims and dispute management are a sub-section.
OPM3 (PMI's Organisational Project Management Maturity Model) Best practice methodologies and philosophies	The OPM3 section focuses on papers discussing the development and use of PMI's OPM3 methodology, including its implementation and best practices, plus other overall philosophies and methodologies.
Project Office (PO) or Project / Program Management Office (PMO) Project Initiation Project Controls Establishing a PMO KPMG PMO Surveys and Reports	Project Office (PO) or Project / Program Management Office (PMO) includes papers covering all aspects of developing and implementing a Portfolio, Program or Project Office, primarily from the people perspective. This section also includes papers on Program and Portfolio Management (excluding OPM3) . The key facets of a PMO's role are: Methodology (simple and scalable), Mentoring (including training) and Measurement (QA and reports); plus providing a 'home community' for the organisations project managers.
Project Management Papers Communications Management Complexity Theory Earned Value and Performance Management Enterprise Project Management (EPM) Software and Systems Scheduling and 5-STEPS Risk & Risk Management General Project Management topics VIPER & FleetOPS	Project Management Papers includes papers dealing with Enterprise Project Management (EPM) and the technological aspects of project management, including The effective use of project management software, tools and techniques. PMBOK Subjects (Communications, Time Management, etc) Complexity Theory applied to projects General project management topics (history, training, etc) Additional free resources to assist in study and work, including our: - PM Resources and Reference Index, annotated references linking to a wide range of useful information including our: - White Papers Index

The Stakeholder Circle™ Additional Information Technical Description Training Free Software, Sales and Support Templates and Spreadsheets	Achieving a Successful Engagement - Author: Lynda Bourne Identifying, mapping and prioritising a project’s stakeholder community is only the beginning. Projects will only be considered successful when their key stakeholders acknowledge they are a success. This requires the project team to effectively engage with each of its key stakeholders to understand and manage their expectations and then deliver to project to meet or exceed the ‘managed expectations’. Stakeholder expectations are never ‘fixed’; effective communication can help change perceptions and expectations to make them realistic and achievable. [View Abstract]
	Avoiding the Successful Failure - Author: Lynda Bourne Projects can be ‘on time and budget’ and fail! They can also be ‘over’ and succeed. Projects are only successful when their stakeholder’s expectations are delivered. This paper will identify the three elements of ‘stakeholder expectations’: value, relationships and risk. Then describe tools to manage these elements for success. [View Abstract]
	Concepts for a Stakeholder Circle Management Tool - Author: Lynda Bourne. The requirements and original concepts behind the development of the Stakeholder Circle™ are described. [View Abstract]
	Project Relationship Management and the Stakeholder Circle - Author: Lynda Bourne Project success and failure is directly related to its stakeholders’ perceptions of the value created by the project and the nature of their relationship with the project team. This paper summarises Lynda's Doctoral thesis (below). [View Abstract]

Corporate and Project Governance: Including -
	Corporate Governance & Project Governance
	Definitions of a project
	The role of the PMO in effective project governance [View KPMG Surveys]
	Legal and Contractual aspects of Project and Corporate Governance including Casewatch
	Mosaic's Project, Program and Portfolio Governance (GoPM) Workshop

Project Management Papers, Tools and Techniques, Including key PMBOK subjects -
	Communications Management
	Complexity Theory
	Earned Value and Performance Management
	Enterprise Project Management (EPM) Software and Systems
	Scheduling and 5-STEPS
	Risk & Risk Management
	General Project Management topics
	VIPER
	FleetOPS